| ︽ᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ XX ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠁ | ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤᠢᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠁ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠁︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠤ︖ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠢᠨᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ | ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ︖ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠃ ᠳᠠ | ᠤᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ | ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠪ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠯᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠪ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠬᠦ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠥᠭᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ | ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠠᠯᠪᠢᠩ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ | ᠢᠷᠡᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ | ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠳ᠋ᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ | ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ | ᠵᠥᠩᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠧᠲ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠧᠲ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠯᠧᠲ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠧᠲ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠥᠨᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠪᠢᠯᠧᠲ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠨᠡᠮᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ | ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ | ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠥᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ | ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠸᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ | ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠰᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ U ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭ | ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠺᠤᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠨ | ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠴᠢᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ | ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ | ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠪ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠺᠢᠨᠣ᠋ ᠥᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠢᠳᠬᠡᠷ ᠢ | ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠺᠤᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ | ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠥᠯᠥ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡ᠃ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠡᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢᠢᠯᠠᠨ | ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠡᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠢᠷ | ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠥᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ | ᠺᠤᠮᠫᠢᠦ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ | ᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠮᠧᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠮᠧᠷ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡ᠃  | | |